Understanding the Concepts of Water in Iranian Architecture Case Study: Solomon's Throne

The global cultures and myths have considered water as a symbol of purity, fertility and beauty and have given it a role beyond its functional role. In ancient Iran, water was a messenger of light and purity and was of great value. Due to its logical and indigenous features, Iranian architecture has always tried to use environmental features and especially water, as one of the most important features, in the best possible manner. Apart from discussing performance and physical needs, it has always sought to use the beauty and perfection of water in the construction of buildings. Water, this life-giving element, is the first factor in human commitment to the earth. Water along with soil, fire and air are the four elements that make up the universe. Therefore, water becomes a factor in the direction of stillness, purification and peace, and it enters the architecture of all kinds of buildings, the most obvious of which we see in mosques and gardens. According to many experts, Sassanid architecture and art have been the basis for the formation of Islamic art and architecture, and the connecting element of these two important periods in the history of Iranian art, as well as previous periods, is attention to nature. One of the most famous architectural works of the Sassanid period, with its emphasis on the naturalistic aspects, is the Solomon's throne complex. The architecture of this complex, as one of the cases in which the body of the building is formed not by resisting the forces of nature nor by conscious submission, but in harmony with nature, is an example of the correct union of man and nature.