Using (I-O) tables to measure the effectiveness of public spending and trade multiples Foreign Ministry in the Iraqi economy for the period (2010-2018)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61841/cbke2f45Keywords:
Iraqi economy, measure, ,(I-O) table, Foreign MinistryAbstract
We used a new method for calculating the multiplier, which is the input and output method that contains foreign trade, and we used this method to calculate multiples at the level of each sector of the national economy in the Iraqi economy for the period (2010 - 2018). We relied on the technical transactions matrix issued by the Iraqi Ministry of Planning, the National Accounts Department for the year (2010), and we used complex sectoral growth factors to obtain the matrix in 2018, and we made a comparison between the two matrices after applying the product model used in its mathematical formula to the two matrices to solve them and obtain the sectorial outcomes and final and total demand Likewise, the added value, as we obtained sectorial interconnections in all their direct and indirect forms, forward and backward, and then sectorial multiples were obtained which we found to have decreased significantly in the year 2018 compared to 2010 and that the reason The main reason behind this decline is the weakening of the forward and backward sectorial interlink ages due to excessive dependence on the foreign trade sector, especially imports.
Downloads
References
1. Dietzenbacher, Erik and Michael L. Lahr, eds, "Wassilly Leontief and Input-Output Economics", Cambridge University Press, 2004.
2. Miller, Ronald E. and Peter D. Blair, "Input-Output Analysis: Foundation and Extensions", 2nd edition. Cambridge university press, 2009
3. Hussain ali bakheet and awad alrefaei Basics of mathematical economics first edition, Al-Manhaj House for Publishing and Distribution ،5002،on the site : www.neelwafurat.com (The Input-Output Model)
4. muhammed Husain khadom aljobori" Unpublished lectures given to master's students in the Department of Economics" ،Karbala University, for the academic year 2018-2019.
5. Pokrovskii, Vladimir N, "Econodynamics the Theory of Social Production", Springer, Dordrech, Heidelberg et cetera, 2011.
6. Lahr, Michael L. and Erik Dietzenbacher, eds, "Input-Output Analysis: Frontiers and Extensions. Palgrave, 2001.
7. Afaf abdujabar ،majeed ali hussain Mathematical economics ،first edition، Wael Publishing House, Amman, Jordan 2001.
8. Forward bonds are shown in Appendix (1) for direct bonds and Appendix (2) for indirect forward bonds.
9. The sectoral data for exports and imports were obtained by relying on: Central Bank of Iraq, General Directorate of Statistics and Research, various publications for several years (2004-2019).
10. Iraqi Ministry of Planning, Central Agency for Statistics and Information Technology, Annual Statistical Bulletin, Multiple Issues.
11. Sectoral response refers to the amount of increase in sector output when the final demand for products in that sector increases by one unit.
12. Pokrovskii, Vladimir N, "Econodynamics the Theory of Social Production", Springer, Dordrech, Heidelberg et cetera, 2011.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
