A study on Oral Manifestations in type II diabetes mellitus patients

Authors

  • Dr. Harish Kumar MDS, Professor & HOD, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneshwar, Odhisa, India Author
  • Dr. Roquaiya Nishat Senior Resident, Department of Dentistry, Nalanda Medical College Hospital, Agamkuan Flyover, Sadikpur, Patna, Bihar 800007, India Author
  • Dr. Anupama Desai Senior Resident, Department of Dentistry, Nalanda Medical College Hospital, Agamkuan Flyover, Sadikpur, Patna, Bihar 800007, India Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61841/p3xt0925

Keywords:

Diabetes mellitus, Hyperglycemia, Oral manifestations, Periodontal diseases.

Abstract

Diabetes, a heterogeneous group of chronic metabolic disorders, is characterized by abnormal high levels of blood glucose, resulting either due to deficiency of insulin secretion or due to resistance to the action of insulin, or both. Chronic hyperglycemia can result in a wide variety of complications, including oral complications.To assess the type and frequency of oral lesions occurring in patients with type 2 diabetes and correlate them with the control of diabetes.The present study included a total of 161 known diabetic patients attending the clinics of private practitioners in the past two years. A clinical data performa was designed to obtain demographic data, medical and dental history. Data on the duration of disease, type of diabetes, HbA1C values, any major complications, were retrieved from the medical records. An accurate examination of the mouth, analysis of the salivary, dental, periodontal conditions and of the prosthesis used was performed. All the data obtained was analyzed using descriptive analysis. The study comprised of 92 females and 69 males with age ranging from 25 to 86 years. Majority of the patients showed periodontal manifestations followed by tooth loss, dental caries and xerostomia. Most of the patients showing severe periodontal manifestations and evidence of candidiasis had HbA1C values ≥8.5% i.e.poorly controlled diabetes level.Prevalence of oral complications was significantly higher in diabetic patients, which can have a negative influence on their oral health, thus affecting their quality of life.

 

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

1. Mealey BL, Ocampo GL. Diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease. Periodontol 2000 2007;44:127–53.

2. Indurkar MS, Maurya AS, Indurkar S. Oral Manifestations of Diabetes. Clin Diabetes 2016;34(1):54-7.

3. Wild S, Roglic G, Green A, Sicree R, King H. Global prevalence of diabetes: estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030. Diabetes Care 2004;27(5):1047–53.

4. Joshi SR, Parikh RM. India--diabetes capital of the world: now heading towards hypertension. J Assoc Physicians India 2007;55:323–4.

5. Papatheodorou K, Banach M, Bekiari E, Rizzo M, Edmonds M. Complications of Diabetes 2017. J Diabetes Res 2018;2018:3086167.

6. Deshpande AD, Harris-Hayes M., Schootman M. Epidemiology of diabetes and diabetes-related complications. Physical Therapy 2008;88(11):1254–64.

7. Cicmil S, Mladenović I, Krunić J, Ivanović D, Stojanović N. Oral Alterations in Diabetes Mellitus. Balk J Dent Med 2018;22(1):7-14.

8. Al-Maskari AY, Al-Maskari MY, Al-Sudairy S. Oral Manifestations and Complications of Diabetes Mellitus: A review. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2011;11(2):179-86.

9. Mauri-Obradors E, Estrugo-Devesa A, Jané-Salas E, Viñas M, López-López J. Oral manifestations of Diabetes Mellitus : A systematic review. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2017;22:e586-e594.

10. Trentin MS, Verardi G, De C Ferreira M, de Carli JP, da Silva SO, Lima IF, Paranhos LR. Most Frequent Oral Lesions in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(2):107-11.

11. Khan T. Oral manifestations and complications of diabetes mellitus: A review. Int J Med Health Res 2018;4:50-2.

12. Ship JA. Diabetes and oral health: an overview. J Am Dent Assoc 2003;134 Spec No:4S-10S.

13. Bajaj S, Prasad S, Gupta A, Singh VB. Oral manifestations in type-2 diabetes and related complications. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2012;16(5):777–9.

14. Cicmil A, Govedarica O, Lečić J, Mališ S, Cicmil S, Čakić S. Oral Symptoms and Mucosal Lesions in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. Balk J Dent Med 2017;21:50-4.

15. Mohsin SF, Ahmed SA, Fawwad A, Basit A. Prevalence of oral mucosal alterations in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients attending a diabetic center. Pak J Med Sci 2014;30(4):716-9.

16. Fernandes JK, Wiegand RE, Salinas CF, Grossi SG, Sanders JJ, Lopes-Virella MF, et al. Periodontal disease status in Gullah African Americans with type 2 diabetes living in South Carolina. J Periodontol 2009;80(7):1062-8.

17. Chandna S, Bathla M, Madaan V, Kalra S. Diabetes mellitus-a risk factor for periodontal disease. Internet J Fam Practice 2010;9.

18. Bharateesh JV, Ahmed M, Kokila G. Diabetes and oral health: A case-control study. Int J Prev Med 2012;3(11):806.

19. Ravindran R, Deepa MG, Sruthi AK, Kuruvilla C, Priya S, Sunil S, et al. Evaluation of oral health in type II diabetes mellitus patients. Oral Maxillofacial Pathol J 2015;6(1):525-31.

20. Madathil J, Salim HP, Balan A, Radhakrishnan C, Kumar NR. Prevalence of oral lesions in patients with type 2 diabetes in north Kerala population. J Diabetol 2020;11:32-8.

21. Indurkar MS, Maurya AS, Indurkar S. Oral Manifestations of Diabetes. Clin Diabetes 2016;34(1):54–7.

22. McMullen JA, Van Dyke TE, Horoszewicz HU, Genco RJ. Neutrophil chemotaxis in individuals with advanced periodontal disease and a genetic predisposition to diabetes mellitus. J Periodontol 1981;52(4):167–73.

23. Gooch HL, Hale JE, Fujioka H, Balian G, Hurwitz SR. Alterations of cartilage and collagen expression during fracture healing in experimental diabetes. Connect Tissue Res 2000;41(2):81–91.

24. Willershausen-Zönnchen B, Lemmen C, Hamm G. Influence of high glucose concentrations on glycosaminoglycan and collagen synthesis in cultured human gingival fibroblasts. J Clin Periodontol 1991;18(3):190–5.

25. Wang J. Glucose biosensors: 40 years of advances and challenges. Electroanalysis 2001;13(12):983–8.

26. Löe H. Periodontal disease: The sixth complication of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 1993;16:329-34.

27. Al-Maweri SAA, Ismail NM, Ismail AR, Al-Ghashm A. Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in patients with type 2 diabetes attending Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. Malays J Med Sci 2013;20(4):39-46.

28. Susanto H, Agustina D, Abbas F, Vissink A. Xerostomia, glucose regulation and serum inflammatory markers in Indonesians with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2015;3:e112.

29. Shrimali L, Astekar M, Sowmya GV. Correlation of Oral Manifestations in Controlled and Uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2011;2(4):24-7.

30. Gibson J, Lamey PJ, Lewis M, Frier B. Oral manifestations of previously undiagnosed non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. J Oral Pathol Med 1990;19(6):284-7.

31. Zachariasen R. Diabetes mellitus and xerostomia. Compendium 1992;13(4):314-24.

32. Rohani B. Oral manifestations in patients with diabetes mellitus. World J Diabetes 2019;10(9):485-9.

33. Sandberg GE, Sundberg HE, Fjellstrom CA, Wikblad KF. Type 2 diabetes and oral health: A comparison between diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2000;50(1):27-34.

34. Odds FC: Candida and Candidiasis. 2nd ed. Bailliére Tindall, London; Philadelphia: 1988.

35. Darwazeh AMG, MacFarlane TW, McCuish A, Lamey PJ. Mixed salivary glucose levels and candidal carriage in patients with diabetes mellitus. J Oral Pathol Med 1991;20(6):280-3.

36. Lamey PJ, Darwaza A, Fisher BM, Samaranayake LP, MacFarlane TW, Frier BM. Secretor status, candidal carriage and candida] infection in patients with diabetes mellitus. J Oral Path 1988;17(7):354-7.

Downloads

Published

31.10.2020

Issue

Vol. 24 No. 8 (2020): 24 (8) 2020

Section

Articles

License

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

You are free to:

  1. Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
  2. Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
  3. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.

Under the following terms:

  1. Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
  2. No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.

Notices:

You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .

No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.

How to Cite

Kumar, H., Nishat, R., & Desai, A. (2020). A study on Oral Manifestations in type II diabetes mellitus patients. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 24(8), 7558-7563. https://doi.org/10.61841/p3xt0925