"Effectiveness of an Instructional Program on Patients Knowledge and Practices toward Insulin Injection Technique Used by Patients with diabetes at Specialized Centers for Endocrinology and Diabetes in Baghdad City"

Objective :To evaluate Effectiveness of instructional program on patient knowledge toward insulin injection technique used by patients with diabetes at specialized centers for endocrinology and diabetes in Baghdad city, to assess Effectiveness of instructional program on patient practice toward insulin injection technique used by patients with diabetes at specialized centers for endocrinology and diabetes in Baghdad city, to identify the association between Effectiveness of an instructional Program and the demographic characteristics (age, gender, level of education, and Duration of insulin treatment) of patient. Methodology: A semi-experimental study was conducted at specialized centers of endocrinology and diabetes in Baghdad, Iraq starting(21th November 2019 To 18th May 2020) . A (non-probability) purpose sample of (60) patients divided into two groups (30) patients for the case group (study) and (30) patients for the control group was tested. The data was collected in two phases: first baseline data (before any overlap was provided to the study group) and 21 days after the application of the study group education program, the post-program test was conducted for patient knowledge, and 21 days after the application of the study group education program for their practices. The reliability of internal consistency was achieved through the application of the Alpha Correlation Factor for knowledge and practice respectively (r=0.788), (r=0.839) which was statistically acceptable. The data was analyzed through the application of metadata and inference. Result: The current study demonstrated that there is a noticeable change in patients' knowledge and practices about the insulin injection technique used by patients with diabetes, between pre and posttest in the study group, while there is a slight difference between pre and posttest in the control group, with a statistically significant relationship between knowledge Patients, educational level, and duration of insulin therapy, while there was a statistically significant relationship between practices and the duration of insulin therapy only. Conclusion: The program has a positive impact on patients' knowledge and practices, about the insulin injection technique used by diabetics, through the improvement of the study group in the after-test. Recommendations: Enrichment of healthcare professionals of knowledge, skills and competencies with regard to best injection technique practice, is needed to support people who use injectable therapies effectively and safely ,raising awareness should be incorporated in existing research relating to injection techniques, and highlighting effectiveness that may have on health outcomes for diabetic patients using insulin therapy for establishing and promoting best practice in injection techniques ,Preparing educational programs for other diabetic patients who have insulin medication and their caregivers, to provide adequate information about knowledge and practice of insulin self- administration.