IMPROVING READING SKILLS AMONG CRITICAL LEVEL STUDENTS THROUGH INVERTED PYRAMID APPROACH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61841/t9n9s181Keywords:
Improving, Reading skills, Critical level students and inverted pyramid approach, Students learning ability, Students confidence.Abstract
The main objective of the study is to improve reading skills in Malay language among critical level students through inverted pyramid approach. Quantitative approach through pre-test and post-test on experimental and control group design was implemented in this study. Simple random sampling was carried out to recruit the study sample comprising 10 Form One students who cannot read in Malay Language in a secondary school from a population of 20 students. The researcher found that the experimental group students had a high score of 979 (97.9%) compared to the control group students of 292score (29.2%). In comparison, these post-test groups recorded a gap of 68.7%. Meanwhile, during pre-test, these two groups only recorded a gap of 1.6%. The findings show that the inverted pyramid approach has improved the reading skills in Malay language among critical students. This study is useful in improving the reading skills among critical level students. This inverted pyramid approach not only is used to teach reading skills but also to teach all skills pertaining to all subjects. Inverted pyramid approach has not been used in teaching any pedagogical skills. This research is the first research on inverted pyramid approach. This approach really works in improving learning skills among the critical level students.
Downloads
References
[1] Agnes, J. 2015. A Study of Twenty Slow Students. Journal of Educational Research,53(1), 23-27.
[2] Bakri, M.M. 2003. An Education System Worthy of Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur: iUnverse.
[3] Cyril, B. 2006. The causes and treatment of backwardness. Journal of the Slow Learning Child, 9(3),443– 444.
[4] Dorothy, M.D. 2006. Teaching reading to the slow learners. Journal of The Child Learning Slow, 12(2),49- 54.
[5] Edgar, A.D. 2006. Classroom Management of Slow Students. Journal of the Slow Learning Child, 7(2), 91- 95.
[6] Emdad, K. 2012. Education for the Base of the Pyramid People (BOP) using Voice Internet e-Learning. Journal of Procedia - Social and Behavioural Science,64. 474-483.
[7] Gay, L.R. 1992. Educational Research (4th Ed.). New York: Merrill.
[8] Ilse, H. 2010 . The conflict pyramid: A holistic approach to structuring conflict resolution in schools. Journal of Peace Education,7(2),157-169.
[9] Kirk, R. E. 1995. Experimental Design: Procedures for the Behavioural Sciences. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks.
[10] Marion, M.C.2015. Characteristics of Slow Students. Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues and Ideas,35(6), 345-348.
[11] Mary, L.H.,& Lise, F. 2009. The Teaching Pyramid: A Model for the Implementation of Classroom Practices within a Program-Wide Approach to Behavior Support. A Research-to-Practice Journal for the Early Childhood Field, 12(2), 133-147.
[12] Ron, G.2008. Slow LearnersProblems, Assessment and Resources. International Journal of Primary, Elementary and Early Years Education, 3(2),71-76.
[13] Samikkanu, J. 2018. The History of Tamil Education in Malaysia. Chennai: International Institute of Tamil Studies.
[14] Saw, S.,&Kesavapany, K. 2006. Malaysia. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
[15] Timothy D.W. 2017. Teach Like Findland. New York: WW Norton & Co.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
