Explaining Workplace Spirituality in a Government Agency: The Interactive Effect of Turnover Intention, Employee Performance, and A Multi-Group
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61841/74977e64Keywords:
workplace spirituality, employee performance, gender, turnover intention.Abstract
Agricultural Technology Assessment Center (BPTP) is a government agency aimed at achieving success in the global era. Therefore, this organization uses bureaucratic reforms, which requires government agencies to improve employee performance to enhance its operations. This study, therefore, aims to analyze the influence of workplace spirituality on turnover intention and employee performance. It also examines the role of gender in multi-groups using the quantitative method. Data were randomly obtained from a total of BPTP employees in East Java, with SEM PLS used to determine the gender variables in multi-group analysis. The results showed that workplace spirituality has a positive effect on employee performance and a negative influence on turnover intention. The findings also show a different role from moderating variables, namely gender clusters in multi-group analysis.
Downloads
References
[1] S. Siswanto, A. S. Supriyanto, U. Ni’mah, N. Asnawi, and I. S. Wekke, “Does a workload influence the performance of bank employees?,” Management Science Letters, pp. 639–650, 2019, doi: 10.5267/j.msl.2019.2.007.
[2] B. Ramaseshan, O. Burford, and F. K. Rabbanee, “Does employee performance affect customer loyalty in pharmacy services?,” J. of Service Theory Practice, vol. 25, no. 6, pp. 725–743, Oct. 2015, doi: 10.1108/JSTP- 06-2014-0126.
[3] J. Milliman, A. J. Czaplewski, and J. Ferguson, “Workplace spirituality and employee work attitudes: An exploratory empirical assessment,” Journal of Organizational Change Management, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 426–447, Jan. 2003, doi: 10.1108/09534810310484172.
[4] B. S. Pawar, “The relationship of individual spirituality and organizational spirituality with meaning and community at work: An empirical examination of the direct effects and moderating effect models,” Leadership & Organization Development Journal, vol. 38, no. 7, pp. 986–1003, Jan. 2017, doi: 10.1108/LODJ-01-2016-0014.
[5] G. M. Noh and M. S. Yoo, “Effects of Workplace Spirituality and Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Nursing Performance,” Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 251–259, Jun. 2016, doi: 10.11111/jkana.2016.22.3.251.
[6] J. Ke and X. Deng, “Family-Friendly Human Resource Practice, Organizational Commitment, and Job Performance among Employees: The Mediating Role of Workplace Spirituality,” Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability Studies, vol. 06, p. 81, Mar. 2018, doi: 10.4236/jhrss.2018.61028.
[7] A. R. Mulianti, H. U. Anisah, and T. Sugiati, “Pengaruh Komitmen Organisasi dan Spiritualitas di Tempat Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Perum Bulog Divisi Regional Kalimantan Selatan Kota Banjarmasin.,” p. 15.
[8] M. Zainul and Z. Zamrudi, “Organizational Citizenship and Employee Performance: The Role of Spirituality,”
Pakistan Administrative Review, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 16–26, 2019.
[9] D. Duchon and D. A. Plowman, “Nurturing the spirit at work: Impact on work unit performance,” The leadership quarterly, vol. 16, no. 5, pp. 807–833, 2005.
[10] C. P. Neck and J. F. Milliman, “Thought self-leadership,” Journal of managerial psychology, 1994.
[11] D. P. Ashmos and D. Duchon, “Spirituality at work: A conceptualization and measure,” Journal of management inquiry, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 134–145, 2000.
[12] S. Indartono and S. Z. Wulandari, “Moderation effect of gender on workplace spirituality and commitment relationship: case of Indonesian ethics,” Asian Journal of Business Ethics, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 65–81, 2014.
[13] J. Milliman, A. J. Czaplewski, and J. Ferguson, “Workplace spirituality and employee work attitudes: An exploratory empirical assessment,” Journal of Organizational Change Management, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 426–447, Jan. 2003, doi: 10.1108/09534810310484172.
[14] M. Y. Ghadi, “The impact of workplace spirituality on voluntary turnover intentions through loneliness in work,” Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 81–110, Jan. 2017, doi: 10.1108/JEAS-03- 2016-0005.
[15] E. Dane and B. J. Brummel, “Examining workplace mindfulness and its relations to job performance and turnover intention,” Human Relations, vol. 67, no. 1, pp. 105–128, Jan. 2014, doi: 10.1177/0018726713487753.
[16] S. Siswanto Muhammad, “Analisis Sikap Kerja Karyawan Perbankan Syariah Berdasarkan Karakteristik Biografis,” El-Qudwah, 2012.
[17] Q. Iqbal and N. H. Ahmad, “Workplace spirituality and nepotism-favouritism in selected ASEAN countries: the role of gender as moderator,” Journal of Asia Business Studies, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 31–49, Jan. 2020, doi: 10.1108/JABS-01-2018-0019.
[18] S. Shellenbarger, “More relaxed boomers, fewer workplace frills and other job trends,” Wall Street Journal, vol. 27, p. B1, 2000.
[19] A. A. Mangkunegara and A. Prabu, “Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Perusahaan Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya,” 2000.
[20] S. Prawirosentono, Manajemen sumberdaya manusia: kebijakan kinerja karyawan: kiat membangun organisasi kompetitif menjelang perdagangan bebas dunia. Badan Penerbit Fakultas Ekonomi (BPFE), 1999.
[21] W. H. Mobley, Employee turnover, causes, consequences, and control. Addison-Wesley, 1982.
[22] C. H. Promsri, “The effects of workplace spirituality and work satisfaction on intention to leave,” Bus Manag Rev, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 90–4, 2016.
[23] J. Milliman, A. Gatling, and J. S. Kim, “The effect of workplace spirituality on hospitality employee engagement, intention to stay, and service delivery,” Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, vol. 35, pp. 56–65, 2018.
[24] A. U. Bhaskar and B. Mishra, “Putting workplace spirituality in context: Examining its role in enhancing career satisfaction and reducing turnover intentions with perceived organizational support as an antecedent,” Personnel Review, vol. 48, no. 7, pp. 1848–1865, Jan. 2019, doi: 10.1108/PR-08-2018-0305.
[25] R. D. Zimmerman and T. C. Darnold, “The impact of job performance on employee turnover intentions and the voluntary turnover process,” Personnel review, 2009.
[26] Y. Yi, R. Nataraajan, and T. Gong, “Customer participation and citizenship behavioral influences on employee performance, satisfaction, commitment, and turnover intention,” Journal of Business Research, vol. 64, no. 1, pp. 87–95, 2011.
[27] Y. K. Singh, Fundamental of research methodology and statistics. New Age International, 2006.
[28] J. F. Hair, Ed., Multivariate data analysis, 7. ed., Pearson new internat. ed. Harlow: Pearson, 2014.
[29] G. D. Garson, “Partial Least Squares,” p. 262, 2016.
[30] S. A. Samani, “Steps in Research Process (Partial Least Square of Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM)),”
International Journal of Social Science and Business, vol. 1, no. 2, p. 12, 2016.
[31] W. W. Chin, “The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling,” Modern methods for business research, vol. 295, no. 2, pp. 295–336, 1998.
[32] N. Kock, “WarpPLS 3.0 user manual,” Laredo, TX: ScriptWarp Systems, 2012.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
