Cadastre for native land: a legal perspective from Malaysia and Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61841/kzcyam48Keywords:
Native Customary Tenure, Cadastre, Sarawak, IndonesiaAbstract
Cadastre is an indispensable element in land administration system to facilitate the land development and urbanisation across the globe. In pursuing for a more advanced, sustainable, and technological cadastre system, many countries tend to neglect the existence of the traditional-based tenure system, the native customary tenure system. Inevitably, the integration of modern land administration systems with native customary tenure poses a huge challenge for most of the developing countries. Towards bridging the gap between the two, this study aims to provide insights regarding the legal framework of cadastre for native land; at the same time enables the comparison between Sarawak, Malaysia, and Indonesia with the overarching objective to provide enhancements for the current practices. Being descriptive in nature, this study adopts comparative case studies between Sarawak and Indonesia. Guided by a conceptual framework, the comparison consists of 10 best-practice indicators with 3 hierarchical level of specifications. The study revealed that there are sufficient land legislations regarding the cadastre practice for native land in Sarawak and Indonesia, but the efficiency is somehow impeded by the implementation gap between policy and actual practice. Towards the end of the paper, the recommendations are provided.
Downloads
References
1. Arko-Adjei, A., Tuladhar, A., De Jong, J., & Zevenbergen, J. (2010). Customary Tenure Institutions and Good Governance. Paper presented at the FIG Congress 2010: Facing the Challenges - Building the Capacity, Sydney, Australia
2. Bakker, L., Semedi, P., Bakker, L., Berkeley, U. C., Barbara, J., Michael, P., . . . Han, R. (2008). "Can we get hak ulayat?" Land and community in Pasir and Nunukan. Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology, 15(4), 376-390.
3. Bedner, A., & Arizona, Y. (2019). Adat in Indonesian Land Law: A Promise for the Future or a Dead End? The Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology, 20(5), 416-434.
4. Bell, K. C., Srinivas, S., & Martinez, J. (2012). Reforming Indonesia’S Complex Legal Environment for Land Governance: Complementary Top-down and Bottom-up Approaches - A Review of the Land Sector Issues (Forestry and Non-forestry) Paper presented at the International conf. in Regulatory Reform on Indonesian Land Laws for the Peoples Welfare Jakarta, Indonesia
5. Bulan, R. (2007). Native Title in Malaysia A 'Complementary' Sui Generis Right Protected by the Federal Constitution. Australian Indigenous Law Review, 11(1), 54-79.
6. Bulan, R., & Locklear, A. (2008). Legal perspectives on native customary land rights in Sarawak Kuala Lumpur: Suhakam.
7. Burns, T. (2007). Land Administration Reform Indicators of Success and Future Challenges. Washington DC: World Bank.
8. Cramb, R. A. (2011). Re-inventing dualism: Policy narratives and modes of oil palm expansion in Sarawak, Malaysia. Journal of Development Studies, 47(2), 274-293.
9. Deininger, K., Selod, H., & Burns, A. (2012). The Land Governance Assessment Framework: Identifying and Monitoring Good Practice in The Land Sector. Washington, D.C: The World Bank.
10. DOSM. (2010). Total population by ethnic group, sub-district and state, Malaysia. Department of Statistics Malaysia.
11. Enemark, S., & Molen, P. (2008). Capacity Assessment in Land Administration Capacity Assessment in Land Administration. Denmark: The International Federation of Surveyors (FIG).
12. FAO. (2012). Voluntary Guidelines on the responsible governance of tenure of land, fisheries and forests in the context of national food security. Rome: Committee on Food Security, Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nation.
13. Fong, J. C. (2011). Law on Native Customary Land in Sarawak (1st ed.). Selangor, Malaysia: Thomson Reuters Malaysia Sdn Bhd.
14. Freudenberger, M. (2013). The Future of Customary Tenure. Options for Policymakers. Retrieved from
15. Heryani, E., & Grant, C. (2004). Land Administration in Indonesia. Paper presented at the 3rd FIG Regional Conference, Jakarta, Indonesia
16. Institute, E. I. (2015). Central Kalimantan Land Governance Assessment. Retrieved from
17. Kalabamu, F. T. (2000). Land tenure and management reforms in East and southern africa. Land Use Policy, 17(4), 305-319.
18. Liang, T. M., Choon, T. L., Vern, T. W., Ujang, M. U. B., & Chin, T. A. (2019). A Preliminary Study on The Formation of Land Legislation and Cadastre System in Sarawak, Malaysia. International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 8(5C), 788-797.
19. Mitchell, R., Prosterman, R., & Safik, A. (2004). Land Policy Challenges in Indonesia: Final Project Report of the Land Law Initiative. Retrieved from
20. Myers, R., Intarini, D., Sirait, M. T., & Maryudi, A. (2017). Claiming the forest: Inclusions and exclusions under Indonesia's ‘new’ forest policies on customary forests. Land Use Policy, 66, 205-213.
21. Nelson, J., Muhammed, N., & Rashid, R. A. (2015). An Empirical Study on Compatibility of Sarawak Forest Ordinance and Bidayuh Native Customary Laws in Forest Management. Small-scale Forestry, 15(2), 135-148.
22. Ngidang, D. (2002). Contradictions in land development schemescthe case of joint ventures in Sarawak, Malaysia. Asia Pacific Viewpoint, 43(2), 157-180.
23. Ngidang, D. (2005). Deconstruction and Reconstruction of Native Customary Land Tenure in Sarawak. Southeast Asian Studies, 43(1), 47-75.
24. Osman, S., & Kueh, H. U. (2010). Land Administration, Land Management and Spatial Information in Sarawak, Malaysia. Paper presented at the FIG International Congress, Sydney.
25. Porter, A. F. (1967). Land administration in Sarawak: an account of the development of land administration in Sarawak from the rule of Rajah James Brooke to the present time, 1841-1967. Government Printer: Kuching.
26. Roslidah, N., & Komara, I. (2016). Bridging Differences: Indigenous Culture Preservation Through Non- Verbal Communication. Paper presented at the International Conference of Communication Science Research Surabaya, Indonesia
27. Roy, R. D. (2005). Traditional Customary Laws and Indigenous. London, UK: Minority Rights Group International.
28. Salfarina, S. (2014). Decentralisation and Governance In Land Administration System. (PhD PhD), University of Ulster,
29. SAM. (2019). The Land We Lost: Native Customary Rights (NCR) and Monoculture Plantations in Sarawak. George Town: Sahabat Alam Malaysia (SAM).
30. SUHAKAM. (2013). Report of the National Inquiry into the land rights of indigenous people. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: National Human Rights Commission of Malaysia.
31. ter Heegde, M., Hilhorst, T., & Porchet, N. (2011). Indonesia : food security and land governance factsheet. Land governance for equitable and sustainable development (LANDac).
32. Tyson, A. D. (2010). Decentralization and adat revivalism in indonesia. New York: Routledge.
33. UNECE. (1996). Land Adminstration Guidelines. Meeting of Officials on Land Administration, United Nations Economic Commission of Europe ECE/HBP/96.
34. Williamson, I. P. (1985). Cadastres and land information systems in common law jurisdiction. Survey Review, 28, 114–129.
35. Williamson, I. P., Enemark, S., Wallace, J., & Rajabifard, A. (2010). Land Administration for Sustainable Development (1st ed.). California: ESRI Press.
36. WorldBank. (2014). Indonesia - Land Management and Policy Development Project Washington DC: World Bank Group.
37. Yusuf, H. (2011). Land administration system in Indonesia Paper presented at the Pre-17th AVA Congress, Siem Reap, Cambodia
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.