Determination of Metal ions, Phenols, and NO3-, NO2- in Industrial Wastewater of Al-Dura and Al-Najaf Refinery
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61841/jd6k5e91Keywords:
Heavy Metal, Industrial Wastewater, Al-Dura Refinery, Treatment, Al-Najaf RefineryAbstract
Determination of the proportion of selected metal elements (Fe, Mn, Co, Cu, Cr, Ni, Mo, Pb, Cd ) using a flame absorption spectroscopy device and the spectroscopy of graphite furnace and phenols as free radicals (NO₃⁻, NO₂⁻) using an ultraviolet spectroscopy device in the industrial wastewater of Al-Dura (A) and Al-Najaf (B) refinery before and after entering the treatment units, taking into consideration the varying sampling time (more than separated) and setting the temperature during the drawing of the model and conducting a statistical study of the results reached.
Downloads
References
[1] Al-Hadithy A. H, Khmes H. M, May E. Sh, Luay Q H. (2011) "Using of Rustumiya sewage water for
irrigation:1- its effect on some soil properties and corn growth". Science of Baghdad Journal, 8(1): 313-
318.
[2] Husson, Z. A. (2011). Biotreatment of lead and copper in battery factory wastewater. Ph.D thesis, College
of Science, University of Baghdad, Iraq.
[3] Rawaa R. A (2013) "Treatment of pollution of industrial water contaminated with sulfates in the refinery
Dura – Iraq". Master’s thesis. Education for Pure Sciences - Ibn Al Haytham; University of Baghdad: 1p.
[4] Al-layla M A., Shamim A, E-Joe (1986)."Handbook of wastewater collection and Treatment: principles
and practice" .University of Al Mosul: 19-21p-562p.
[5] Asil B, Nil O, Suleyman A (2013)." Wastewater - Treatment Technologies and Recent Analytical
Developments". Istanbul Technical University.Chapter7, Determination of Trace Metals in Wastewater and
Their Removal Processes: 147p.
[6] Barakat M.A (2011)."New trends in removing heavy metals from industrial wastewater". Arabian Journal
of Chemistry. 4: 361-377.
[7] Al-Hussein H M, Hijaz S W (2008) "Treatment of groundwater contaminated with nitrate electrolytes in a
fluidized bed reactor". Damascus University Journal for Engineering Sciences. 24(2).
[8] Jirjees, V Y, Suleman V T, Al-Hamdani A A S, Ahmed S D, (2019) " Preparation, Spectroscopic
Characterization and Theoretical Studies of Transition Metal Complexes with 1-[(2-(1H-indol-3-
yl)ethylimino)methyl]naphthalene-2-ol Ligand" . Asian Journal of Chemistry. 31 (11): 2430-2438.
[9] Hassoon, H. A. (2015) "The adsorption of some trace heavy metals from aqueous solution using non-living
biomass of sub merged aquatic Plant Ceratophyllum demersum". Iraqi Journal of Science. 56(4A): 2822-
2828.
[10] Al-Hamdani A A S, Hasan Z A (2016) "Spectroscopic Studies and Thermal Analysis of New Azo Dyes
Ligands and their Complexes with some Transition of Metal Ions" Baghdad Science Journal. 13 (3): 511-
523.
[11] Rajkumar D, Guk K J, Palanivelu K (2005) "Indirect Electrochemical Oxidation of Phenol in the Presence
of Chloride for Wastewater Treatment". Chemical Engineering & Technology. 28(1): 98–105.
[12] William W, Anku M A, Mamo P, Govender P (2017) "Phenolic Compounds - Natural Sources, Importance
and Applications". Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg. South Africa. Chapter
17, Phenolic Compounds in Water: Sources, Reactivity, Toxicity and Treatment Methods: 422-425.
[13] Petroleum Research and Development Center. (2015)."Rationing of Water Consumption in Petroleum
Refineries". Ministry of oil: 17p.
[14] Aziz A M (1995) "Effect Some Heavy Metals In Waste solid and Water on plants growth and solid
pollution". Master’s thesis Agriculture College. University of Baghdad.
[15] Walker C (2014) "Ecotoxicology: Effect Of Pollutants On The Natural Environment", Taylor and Francis,
London .
[16] Games G V (1971) "Water Treatment", 4th ed. Scotland: Edinburgh: 164p.
[17] Babbitt H E, Baumann E R (1958) "Sewerage and sewage treatment. New York: John Wiley and sons.
[18] Iwasaki T (1937)."Some notes on sand filtration". J A M. Water works Assoc.29:1591p.
[19] U.S. Enviromental Protaction Agency.(1974)."Wastewater filtration design considerations". Tachnology
transfer.Washington.D.C.:EPA.
[20] Rushton J H (1952) "Mixing of liquid in chemical engineering" .Ind. Eng. Chem. 44:88p.
[21] Al Zoubi W, Jirjees V Y, Suleman V T, Al‐Hamdani A A S, Ahmed S D, Kim Y G, Ko Y G (2019) "Synthesis and bioactivity studies of novel Schiff bases and their complexes". J Phys Org Chem. 32. e4004:1-7.
[22] Velz C J (1948) "A basic law for the performance of biological beds". Sewage Works J. 20:607p.
[23] Skoog D A, West D M, "(1984)"Analysis Instrumental" 2 ed. México, D.F.: Nueva Editorial Inter
Americana, S.A. de C.V. 158-177 p ,317-369p.
[24] Samia K M (2011) "Determination and evaluation of principal minerals in Negella sativa by atomic
absorption technical methods". Baghdad Science Journal. 8(1);262-267P.
[25] Sandra R J, John R G (1999) "Method of Analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory Determination of Arsenic and Selenium in Water and Sediment By Graphite Furnace-Atomic Absorption Spectrometry". Csaba C, Maria C (2002). "Environmental sampling and analysis for metals". CRC Press.
[26] Willard H H, Merritt L L, Dean J A, Settle F A (1991). "Methods Instrumentals de Analysi''. Mexico, D.F.: Grupo Editorial Iberoamerica. 95-100p, 219-252p.
[27] Ghe A M, Carati D, Stefanelli, C (1983). "Determination of trace amounts of arsenic and selenium by flame and flameless atomic absorption spectrometry". Annali di Chimica. 711p.
[28] Hall R, Steopple M, (1987)." Flameless atomic absorption spectroscopy", Analyst. 112(2): 185- 190.
[29] Bader N R (2011)."Sample Preparation for Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: An Overview".Rasayan Journal of Chemistry. 4(1): 49-55.
[30] Haswell S J (1991) "Atomic Absorption Spectrometry-theory, design and application". School of Chemistry, The University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX,U.K., (5);84P.
[31] World Health Organization (WHO). (2004)."International Standards of Drinking Water".3rd .ed, 1,Recommendations, Geneva.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 AUTHOR
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
