Detection of Virulence Factors and Extensive Drug Resistance in Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated from Clinical Specimen and Nasal Carriage in Erbil City

1Rozhhalatkhudhur Jarjees

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Abstract:

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is the causative agent of a variety of infections with generally significant morbidity and mortality. S. aureus colonize healthy people, nasal colonization can cause opportunistic and sometimes life-threating infections. Nasal carriage with virulent strains of methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) poses a high risk for infection. This study was undertaken to assess the S. aureus nasal carriage rate. Also to isolate S. aureus strains from patients, including MRSA strains. The clinical samples include sputum, urine, wound, burn, and vaginal swabs. Phenotypic tests were used to detect virulence factors, and to detect the incidence of multidrug- resistance (MDR), extensive drug- resistance (XDR), and pan drug-resistance (PDR). The positivity of clinical samples was (52.26%), and percentage of S. aureus in positive cultures was (18.45%), so it’s the predominant pathogen. In healthy participant’s (20.33%) were nasal carriers of S. aureus. In S. aureus isolated from clinical samples biofilm formation (72%), hemolysin production (100%), penicillinase production (90%), multidrug- resistance (52%), MRSA (28%), extensive drug- resistance (16%), and no pan drug-resistance was isolated. In S. aureus isolated from nasal carrier biofilm formation (62%), hemolysin production (100%), penicillinase production (84%), multidrug- resistance (18%), MRSA (4%), extensive drug- resistance (2%), and no pan drug-resistance was isolated. The prevalence of virulence factors among S. aureus isolated from nasal of healthy individuals could indicate predisposition to infections. Eradication of MRSA from nasal carrier will prevent infections in specific patient categories.

Keywords:

Extensive drug resistance, nasal carriage, and methicillin resistance S. aureus.

Paper Details
Month2
Year2020
Volume24
IssueSpecial Issue 1
Pages331-343